Belgium’s new coalition government is exploring a significant expansion of its nuclear energy capacity, with plans to double output from 4 GW to 8 GW, according to a report in financial daily Tijd.
Energy Minister Mathieu Bihet confirmed that the government aims to extend the life of existing nuclear reactors while also constructing new ones. However, he did not specify potential locations or a timeline for the new facilities.
Belgium currently operates five nuclear reactors—three in Doel and two in Tihange—which collectively contribute 4 GW to the country's energy mix. In December 2023, Belgium reached an agreement with French energy giant Engie to extend the lifespan of the Doel 4 and Tihange 3 reactors, which together provide 35% of Belgium’s nuclear energy capacity.
Despite this deal, the European Commission launched an investigation into potential breaches of EU competition rules. Now, the new government is looking beyond life extensions, evaluating the feasibility of building additional nuclear capacity.
Building an additional 4 GW of nuclear power would mark a major policy shift and require billions of euros in investment in projects that could take decades to complete. While Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) have been considered, Bihet stated that these alone will not be sufficient to meet Belgium’s energy needs.
"Which technology we will use, we still have to evaluate. But it is clear that it will not only be SMRs. Only small reactors will not suffice," he said.
While Engie SA, Belgium’s primary nuclear operator, has expressed no interest in building new reactors, Bihet said he would engage with the company. He also hinted at possible discussions with French state-owned EDF, which holds a minority stake in the Tihange reactors.
The government’s nuclear expansion plans are still in their early stages, and key decisions on technology, funding, and partnerships have yet to be made. However, if Belgium moves forward with these plans, it would represent one of the most ambitious nuclear investments in Europe a stark contrast to previous policies aimed at phasing out nuclear power.
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