Solar Energy Growth Stresses Switzerland's Electrical Grid

The record-breaking expansion of solar power in Switzerland presents significant challenges for Swissgrid, the country's electricity network operator. The surge in photovoltaic installations, while positive for renewable energy goals, creates complexities for maintaining power grid stability.

In 2023, Switzerland installed a staggering 1,500 megawatts of solar power capacity – exceeding the energy output of the Gösgen nuclear power plant by 50%. The first quarter of 2024 has seen an even faster installation pace, with 450 megawatts already added.

Challenges of Fluctuating Solar Power

Unlike traditional energy sources, solar power is inherently variable due to its reliance on weather conditions.  "The irregular nature of solar electricity generation makes grid management more complex," explains Yves Zumwald, Swissgrid's Managing Director.  "To handle these fluctuations, we need major advancements in solar energy forecasting to better predict how much electricity will be produced."

Swissgrid is working to enhance its forecasting capabilities with new sensors on power lines and more accurate data from local energy suppliers. These updates will provide crucial insights into solar power availability throughout Switzerland.

Balancing Power Needs and Grid Upgrades

Swissgrid must meticulously maintain a constant balance of energy on the grid. Improved solar forecasting will help optimise the amount of balancing energy needed, which Swissgrid must purchase at fluctuating prices.

Additionally, the solar surge necessitates expanding the grid's capacity with higher-capacity power lines. Unfortunately, the lengthy approval and installation processes for these upgrades are causing delays. "We're seeing a growing mismatch between how solar energy is produced and our current ability to transport it," notes Zumwald.

While the Federal Council intends to expedite procedures for grid improvements, streamlining the bureaucracy will take time. Until then, adapting the electrical grid to Switzerland's impressive solar growth remains a significant challenge.